Two pixellated vowels, together, represent the hopes and fears of a healthcare industry seeking more intelligent solutions. "AI," artificial intelligence, has been around since 1956 but has made precious few contributions to medical practice so far. Each year, hundreds of plucky new startups hop aboard the AI hype wagon, each promising sophisticated new solutions, from nurse-bots to virtual assistants to AI-powered wearables for the elderly, just to name a few. Most are titillating but not transformative. Nearly all have failed to move the needle on quality outcomes or life expectancy. Dr. Robert Pearl, a respected health-tech expert who led the nation's largest medical group for 18 years, is well suited to separate AI reality from AI hype.