Technology and labor have always had a complicated relationship. Advances in technology and automation have routinely led to job cuts and layoffs, but they increased productivity and in turn created new jobs, leaving the net effect ambiguous. Current developments in artificial intelligence (e.g. deep learning) coupled with technologies like 3D printing have the potential to produce machines that outperform workers not only physically and computationally, but also creatively. Capital can then be used to replace labor by machines across a large sector of industries, leaving a significant fraction of the population with few prospects. This session will examine these claims.